Rapa Nui National Park, a wildlife sanctuary that spans most of Easter Island and a UNESCO World Heritage Site, contains about 900 moai sculptures, as well as 300 ahu, or ceremonial platforms, on which the carved figures stand. Carved from solidified volcanic ash, these statues are believed to represent the spirits of ancestors and high-ranking members of each tribe. Today you will have two half day private tours to explore within the park.
This morning, travel south with your guide into the park to Ahu Tahai, a ceremonial platform that features a unique moai, a stone giant that stands alone and imposing at more than 4 meters tall. Continue north to Puna Pau to see variations of the moai designs. Here the moai feature pukao or topknots made of red scoria on their heads. It is believed that the volcanic rock was used to impress rival tribes. Approximately 30 pukao are found in or near the Puna Pau quarry, the source of the red slag. From here, drive to Ahu Akivi, where you will see the famous line of seven moai facing the ocean. The moai here are 16 feet (5 meters) tall and weigh approximately 18 tons each. It is an unusual sight to see Moai facing out to the sea instead of inward on the island and the reasoning for their positioning remains a mystery today. One theory behind their unusual position is these moai symbolize the seven explorers from the Polynesian homeland of Hiva sent by the chief to find the island of Rapa Nui. According to this hypothesis, these statues face the ocean in the direction from which they came. The morning will conclude with a visit to the Ahu Huri a Urenga, a solitary moai with two sets of hands, found in the interior of the island, overlooking an agricultural area and human settlement. From here, head back to your hotel for time to rest and fuel up on lunch before your afternoon tour begins.
This afternoon, you will head to the Vinapu Ceremonial Center, home to the largest ahu on Rapa Nui and an architectural structure resembling the Incan construction techniques seen in Cusco and other Peruvian ruins. Continue south to explore Ana Kai Tangata, a coastal cave and the only one on the island that contains ancient paintings of the fabled birdman competitions. Many believe this cave was the starting point for the annual Tangata Manu (Birdman) ritual, practiced until around 1800. As you listen to the rhythmic crashing of waves against the cliffs and hear ancient legends, imagine selected men from each tribe leaping from the cave to swim to the islet of Motu Nui, aiming to retrieve the first egg laid by a sooty tern. Many perished in the attempt, either drowning or falling victim to sharks. The first man to return with the egg was rewarded with honors and riches by his tribe for the rest of the year. From the cave, you can see the distant Rano Kau volcano and its crater lake. Your final stop this afternoon is the village of Orongo, where you’ll learn more about the birdman competitions held from 1600 to 1866, with village structures adorned with petroglyphs depicting the birdman.
The evening is yours to relax or explore as you please.